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Demystifying Decorators • They Don't Need to be Cryptic
"What on Earth is going on with decorators?" Is this you? They're not as hard as you think. But we need to get there step by step
 • Stephen Gruppetta
If Feynman Were Teaching Today… A Simplified Python Simulation of Diffusion
Understanding the real world is not always easy. A Python simulation can help. And let's find ways of making it efficient, too.
 • Stephen Gruppetta
`bytes`: The Lesser-Known Python Built-In Sequence • And Understanding UTF-8 Encoding
The `bytes` data type looks a bit like a string, but it isn't a string. Let's explore it and also look at the main Unicode encoding, UTF-8
 • Stephen Gruppetta
Are Python Dictionaries Ordered Data Structures?
This question has a nuanced answer
 • Stephen Gruppetta
What's All the Fuss About `lambda` Functions in Python?
Python's `lambda` functions are seemingly obscure, until they aren't. They're almost mystical, until unveiled. Let's shed some light to dispel the…
 • Stephen Gruppetta
Simone's Creative Cooking Club • If You Haven't Got a Clue What "Pass by Value" or "Pass by Reference" Mean, Read On…
…and Python functions don't use either of them. Say hello to "Pass by Assignment"
 • Stephen Gruppetta
A Python Christmas
Last article of the year and a Python Christmas tree or two (using turtle, of course)
 • Stephen Gruppetta
I Want to Remove Duplicates from a Python List • How Do I Do It?
Lists can have duplicate values. But sometimes, you don't want repeated items. Let's explore how to deal with this.
 • Stephen Gruppetta
Creating a Singleton Class in Python And Why You (Probably) Don’t Need It
Creating a singleton class is a great exercise to understand object creation in Python, but you’re unlikely to need it in your code.
 • Stephen Gruppetta
Where's William? How Quickly Can You Find Him? • What's a Python Hashable Object?
You can ignore reading about hashable objects for quite a bit. But eventually, it's worth having an idea of what they are.
 • Stephen Gruppetta
Why Can't I Just Use A List? • Understanding NumPy's `ndarray` (A NumPy for Numpties article)
From Python's native lists to NumPy's `ndarray` data type, with a glimpse at the built-in `array`. Why do we need all these similar data structures?
 • Stephen Gruppetta
Do You Really Know How `or` And `and` Work in Python?
Let's explore the Python expression `5 or 0`
 • Stephen Gruppetta
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